From 142e903b090be773afd323fa5d03424c22c6fbc1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ngn Date: Sun, 7 Jan 2024 20:27:04 +0300 Subject: [PATCH] New wiki pages --- wiki/main.md | 13 ++-- wiki/pkg_man.json | 6 ++ wiki/pkg_man.md | 168 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 181 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) create mode 100644 wiki/pkg_man.json create mode 100644 wiki/pkg_man.md diff --git a/wiki/main.md b/wiki/main.md index 95d5be5..c87b74b 100644 --- a/wiki/main.md +++ b/wiki/main.md @@ -5,18 +5,19 @@ edit a page or create a new page, make a pull-request to [website-content](https don't have a link yet. ## Installation -| Name | Description | -| --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | -| Introduction | Learn about MatterLinux and other general stuff | -| Installation | Learn how to install a base MatterLinux system | -| Post-Installation | Make your system (somewhat) usable | +| Name | Description | +| --------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | +| Introduction | Learn about MatterLinux and other general stuff | +| Installation | Learn how to install a base MatterLinux system | +| Installation (Any% Edition) | TLDR for the Installation page | +| Post-Installation | Make your system (somewhat) usable | ## Packaging | Name | Description | | ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | | Repo | Learn about MatterLinux repos and how they work | | [Package](wiki/package) | Learn about MatterLinux packages | -| Package Managment | Learn about MatterLinux package manager | +| [Package Managment](wiki/package_man) | Learn about MatterLinux package manager | | Mirrors | Discover repo mirrors and learn how you can setup one | ## Other diff --git a/wiki/pkg_man.json b/wiki/pkg_man.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ca9ec3 --- /dev/null +++ b/wiki/pkg_man.json @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +{ + "id": "package_man", + "title": "Package Managment", + "author": "ngn", + "date": "07/01/24" +} diff --git a/wiki/pkg_man.md b/wiki/pkg_man.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..37a6463 --- /dev/null +++ b/wiki/pkg_man.md @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +Package managment is the process of installing, updating and removing software, tools and libaries. +On GNU/Linux systems, package managment is usually done with a package manager. + +# MatterLinux Package Manager +In a Matter system, package managment is generally done with the MatterLinux Package Manager (`mp`). +`mp` lets you install, remove, update and search different MatterLinux packages accross different repos. + +### Installation +`mp` should be already installed on a MatterLinux system. However if you want to install `mp` from +the source, then you should follow [this section](https://git.matterlinux.xyz/matterlinux/mp#installation) +from the README. + +Note that you should run all the `mp` and releated commands as the root user. + +### Configuration +Configuration file for `mp` can be found at `/etc/mp/cfg`. This file is used specify repos and +configure general settings. + +Here is the configuration shipped with the releases: +``` +[general] +tmpdir = /tmp/mp + +[base] +uri = https://pkgs.matterlinux.xyz/base + +[desktop] +uri = https://pkgs.matterlinux.xyz/desktop +``` +Lets start by breaking down the `[general]` section: + +- `tmpdir (path)`: Specifies the temporary directory used by the `mp`. This directory will be used to save +packages and signatures, most of the files in this directory will be removed after operation. + +Other general configuration options are: + +- `debug (yes/no)`: This setting is used to enable the debug logging, however `mp` don't have any +debug logging (it will be implemented in the future) so there is no point at enabling it. + +Next sections specify the repos. Section name is the repo name, and it **should match with the +actual repo name**. Repo options are: + +- `uri (URI)`: Repo URI, you can use `http`, `https` or `ftp` protocols. +- `signing (yes/no)`: Enable/disable PGP signature verification for the repo, by default it's enabled. + +**IMPORTANT: DO NOT DISABLE SIGNATURE VERIFICATION IF YOU DON'T KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING! THERE IS NO +WAY TO CONFIRM IF THE PACKAGES ARE LEGIT WITHOUT THE SIGNATURE VERIFICATION!** + +### MP\_ROOT +Another configuration option that you can use is the `MP_ROOT` option. Unlike the other options, +this option is not specified in the configuration file, it's specified as an enviroment variable. + +This option lets you change the target root directory. By default `mp` install all the packages to `/`, +stores all the information under the `/` etc. By chaning the target root directory you can change this. + +For example lets say you want to install all the packages to `/tmp/testroot`. To do so, +first you will need to setup a root file system structure inside `/tmp/testroot`: +``` +# mkdir /tmp/testroot +# pushd /tmp/testroot +# mkdir -p etc boot dev home proc root run srv sys tmp usr/lib usr/bin usr/sbin var/lib +# ln -sf bin usr/bin +# ln -sf sbin usr/sbin +# ln -sf lib usr/lib +# ln -sf lib64 usr/lib +# popd +``` +Now you can use `mp` with the `MP_ROOT` variable, for example: +``` +# MP_ROOT=/tmp/testroot mp-sync +# MP_ROOT=/tmp/testroot mp-install which +``` + +### Syncing Repos +To sync remote repo information and package lists, you can use the `mp-repo` command. After running it +`mp` will: + +1. Download the repo metada for all the repos. Repo metadata is located at `REPO_URI/repo` +2. Parse the repo metadata and download all the repo package lists. These lists are located at +`REPO_URI/REPO_NAME.tar.gz` +3. Move and extract the repo lists to `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/repos/REPO_NAME` and parse the plain package lists (`pkgs`) +4. Tell you the repo signatures + +You can add these signatures to your pubring with `gpg`: +``` +# gpg --receive-keys [fingerprint] +``` + +### Installing Packages +To install a package, you can use the `mp-install` command: +``` +# mp-install which +``` +After running this command, `mp` will: + +1. Check all the synced repos for the `which` package +2. Check if the package is already installed +3. Resolve all the dependencies for the `which` package +4. Ask you if you want to continue with the installation +5. Download the `which` package and it's signature from the repo to the `tmpdir` +6. Verify the package using the signature +7. Extract the package to `$MP_ROOT` +8. Run the package install script if it contains one +9. Add an entry for the `which` package to `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/db` and `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/files` + +You can also install multiple packages using the `mp-install` command: +``` +# mp-install grub systemd linux +``` + +### Removing/Uninstalling Packages +To remove an installed package, you can use the `mp-remove` command: +``` +# mp-remove which +``` + +After running this command, `mp` will: + +1. Check all the installed packages to see if `which` is installed or not +2. Find all the files that `which` package extracted during the installation +3. Ask you if you want to continue with the removal +4. Delete all the files found in the step 2 +5. Remove the the package entry for the `which` package from `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/db` and `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/files` + +You can also remove multiple packages: +``` +# mp-remove git curl +``` + +### Updating Packages +You can update all of the installed packages using the `mp-update` command. +After running this command, `mp` will: + +1. Check if all the installed packages are up-to-date +2. Find all the packages that are not up-to-date +3. Ask if you want to continue with the update +4. Act like the `mp-install` command, it will download, verify and install all +the packages, overwriting old files +5. Save new up-to-date package entries to the `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/db` and `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/files`, +overwriting the old entries. + +### Searching Packages +You can search for packages in the repos using the `mp-search` command: +``` +# mp-search which +``` +This will provide the following information about the package: +- Name of the package +- Repo that the package is in +- Description +- Hash (sum) +- Version +- If the package is installed +- If the package is up-to-date + +After running this command, `mp` will: + +1. Check all the repos for the `which` package +2. Fetch information about the package from the `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/repos/REPO_NAME` and `$MP_ROOT/var/lib/mp/db`. + +# Other Package Managers +It's a really bad idea to use multiple package managers as they may conflict and may result in an +unstable system. However package managers such as flatpak and snap offer containerized packages, +making them possible to use with other package managers. + +- Flatpak will be added to `desktop` repo in the future. Currently the only way to use flatpak is to +install it from the source. +- Snap will never be added to any official repo, so only way to use it is to install it from the source.